The Balustrade and the ‘kekisi’: A strategy in infusing Malay identity through filters and railings in South East Asian urbanism and architecture
Norzalifa Zainal Abidin
(1*) , Puteri Shireen Jahn Kassim
(2) , Zumahiran Kamaruddin
(3) ,
(1) Department of Applied Arts and Design, Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University
(2) Department of Applied Arts and Design, Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University
(3) Department of Applied Arts and Design, Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Fundamentally, the element of the Malay decorative kekisi is either as a perforation between inside and outside or separation between two functional spaces are endemic in the traditional world. The same functions can be re-engaged in the modern world, to encourage good airflow and natural ventilation, rather than fully dependent on air conditioning. The paper discusses how the element itself reflects a fusion and unity of both form and function. It has sustainable and climatic functions and also has versatile elements which can be inserted to infuse identity consciousness and expressions in a range of scale of spaces, construction elements and forms. In this paper, the generic elements and their cultural variations are highlighted in the traditional building of Melaka and Kedah in Malaysia.
Keywords
kekisi; balustrade; filtration; ornamentation; Malay identity
References
Durrans, B. "Malay Design: Towards an Anthropological Perspective." Seminar on Spirit and Form in Malay Design , Department of Museums and Antiquities, 2005.
Gell, Alfred. Art and Agency: An Anthropological Theory. Clarendon Press, 1998.
Hanafi, Zulkifli. Pola-Pola Hiasan Di Dalam Bangunan Tradisional Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2000.
Jahn Kassim, S et al. The Resilience of Tradition, Malay Allusions in Contemporary Architecture. edited by Khoo Salma Nasution and Manasi Dhanorkar, Areca Publishers, 2017.
Rosnawati, O. "Seni Ukir Melayu: Asal Usul Dan Perubahan Rupa Dan Jiwa (Malay Art of Woodcarving: Derivation and Transformation of Form and Content)." 2005.
Shuaib, Ab Aziz and Olalere Folasayo Enoch. "Integrating the Malay Traditional Design Elements into Contemporary Design: An Approach Towards Sustainable Innovation." Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences , vol. 129, 2014, pp. 59-67, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.648 .
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/cs.v1i2.234
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Copyright (c) 2019 Norzalifa Zainal Abidin, Puteri Shireen Jahn Kassim, Zumahiran Kamaruddin
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Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-B7FD5D15548CC15FED87707A748AE533" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-6151E27F34FC9BC08E1A42B80A565B83" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-F7EE29B8A36C698ABA5A586602A3AC75" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-4D06F653D17C68EFDB63B4BC577F7B2D" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: gt" data-pwa-suggestions="it~go~at~get~ft" data-pwa-dictionary-word="gt" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">gt</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-E7290C7BD4AF4595A21F6C13DC254F22" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>&amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-0EAB9EB2C8541783B22BA9D673FD6D1A" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-649F51422FDFB5B7D3E116AE7640D24F" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-2A535844C33FEDFB5995F1869AF4BC41" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-112EFC1C3788A4AE67F55F76ABDC9AB4" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-82B860E14C30BC5C3BDB0792208BCF41" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-562DD034F85BE190C218AD3FB0470584" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-0BDEA6347C29BF3876529F2C11315301" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-EF6358D06187BB436EF137AC991601EE" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-662FF623278D89C37669227A5A9522C7" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-5B66F4146DCF3E4C4C19016D41AA3A08" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-029DD82CE922F6C9571D9E1490BFAD18" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-429A79FA6EE08B837AE3454B92BF288F" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa>amp<pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-741972342E45691F8590937D1FA8DC5A" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-42C193F9F69E339383B8D7F5E0BCEE7C" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: lt" data-pwa-suggestions="it~at~lot~ft~la" data-pwa-dictionary-word="lt" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">lt</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-C20D331FE80CE7A883582B6D8E303A22" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">;</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-FF5ADBBDFFF65A768351C940F5CA0720" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: img" data-pwa-suggestions="mg~im~imp~mig~IMG" data-pwa-dictionary-word="img" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">img</pwa> <pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-83B8402CB8774D4C1201C5C5F92A40F7" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: class="statcounter" data-pwa-suggestions="" data-pwa-dictionary-word="class="statcounter" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">class="statcounter</pwa>" <pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-DCE1958BADCCE7F6E4F575602537236C" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: src="https" data-pwa-suggestions="" data-pwa-dictionary-word="src="https" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">src="https</pwa>://c.statcounter.com/11995112/0/ce7f3561/0/" <pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-EB92BE8720ABABEAB2C62639652D528E" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: alt="real" data-pwa-suggestions="ultralow" data-pwa-dictionary-word="alt="real" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">alt="real</pwa> time web <pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-7184022C8DD99C243B296EF7B22FC080" data-pwa-rule-id="SIMPLE_SPELLING" data-pwa-category="spelling" data-pwa-hint="Unknown word: analytics"&amp" data-pwa-suggestions="" data-pwa-dictionary-word="analytics"&amp" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done">analytics"&amp</pwa><pwa data-pwa-id="pwa-A09EC7F236E2B634FC7F875183D957CA" data-pwa-rule-id="WHITESPACE" data-pwa-category="grammar" data-pwa-hint="The punctuation mark ';' may require a space after it. Consider adding the space." data-pwa-suggestions="; " data-pwa-dictionary-word=";" class="pwa-mark pwa-mark-done"&amp