Layanan Penguasaan Konten dengan Teknik Symbolic Modelling untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Prososial Siswa



Ana Rahmatun Khasanah(1*), Eko Nusantoro(2), Maria Theresia Sri Hartati(3),

(1) Universitas Negeri Semarang
(2) Universitas Negeri Semarang
(3) Universitas Negeri Semarang
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Mastery content service is one of the guidance and counseling topic that is quite familiar in Indonesia to facilitate participants mastering a current series of competences. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of mastery content service using symbolic modeling techniques to foster the student’s pro-social behavior. This study used the experimental design via one group pre-test and post-test, and involved 35 junior high school students. We build some examples videos that demonstrate pro-social behavior as supplementary material to enhance the mastering content services during 8 sessions. The results of this study prove that there was an increase in understanding of students' pro-social behavior after being given mastery content service with symbolic modeling techniques. The interesting thing in this study presents that there are discrepancies in some indicators of pro-social behavior indicated by students, where the highest increase occurs in behaviors giving support and the lowest increase in charitable behavior in others. We realize that increasing prosocial behavior experienced by students after getting treatment is quite much influenced by some situational characteristics, and events.


Keywords


Mastery contents service; symbolic modeling; pro-social behavior

References


Aco, H. (2017, 13 March). Pelajar SMP di Bekasi Tewas Disabet Celurit Saat Tawuran, Rekannya Kabur Tak Ada yang Menolong. Tribunnews.com. Retrieved from http://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2017/03/13/pelajar-smp-di-bekasi-tewas-disabet-celurit-saat-tawuran-rekannya-kabur-tak-ada-yang-menolong

Anggitasari, D. W., & Awalya, A. (2016). Pengaruh Layanan Penguasaan Konten dengan Teknik Modeling Simbolik terhadap Perilaku Prososial Mahasiswa. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application, 5(4), 13-18.

Bandura, A., Blanchard, E. B., & Ritter, B. (1969). Relative efficacy of desensitization and modeling approaches for inducing behavioral, affective, and attitudinal changes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13(3), 173-199. doi:10.1037/h0028276

Baron, R. A., & Byrne, D. (1987). Social psychology: Understanding human interaction. USA: Allyn & Bacon.

Benish-Weisman, M., Daniel, E., Sneddon, J., & Lee, J. (2019). The relations between values and prosocial behavior among children: The moderating role of age. Personality and Individual Differences, 141, 241-247. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.01.019

Berger, R., Benatov, J., Cuadros, R., VanNattan, J., & Gelkopf, M. (2018). Enhancing resiliency and promoting prosocial behavior among Tanzanian primary-school students: A school-based intervention. Transcultural Psychiatry, 55(6), 821-845. doi:10.1177/1363461518793749

Böckler, A., Tusche, A., Schmidt, P., & Singer, T. (2018). Distinct mental trainings differentially affect altruistically motivated, norm motivated, and self-reported prosocial behaviour. Scientific Reports, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31813-8

Bowker, J. C., Thomas, K. K., Norman, K. E., & Spencer, S. V. (2011). Mutual Best Friendship Involvement, Best Friends' Rejection Sensitivity, and Psychological Maladaptation. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(5), 545-555. doi:10.1007/s10964-010-9582-x

Burbank, P. M., Burkholder, G. J., & Dugas, J. (2018). Development of the Perspectives on Caring for Older Patients scale: Psychometric analyses. Applied Nursing Research, 43, 98-104. doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2018.07.002

Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1993). Early emotional instability, prosocial behaviour, and aggression: Some methodological aspects. European Journal of personality, 7(1), 19-36.

Côté-Lussier, C., & Fitzpatrick, C. (2016). Feelings of Safety at School, Socioemotional Functioning, and Classroom Engagement. Journal of Adolescent Health, 58(5), 543-550. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.01.003

Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The roots of prosocial behavior in children: Cambridge University Press.

Ellis, W. E., & Zarbatany, L. (2007). Peer group status as a moderator of group influence on children's deviant, aggressive, and prosocial behavior. Child development, 78(4), 1240-1254. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01063.x

Franzen, A., Mader, S., & Winter, F. (2018). Contagious yawning, empathy, and their relation to prosocial behavior. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(12), 1950-1958. doi:10.1037/xge0000422

Gano-Overway, L. A., Newton, M., Magyar, T. M., Fry, M. D., Kim, M. S., & Guivernau, M. R. (2009). Influence of Caring Youth Sport Contexts on Efficacy-Related Beliefs and Social Behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 329-340. doi:10.1037/a0014067

Gonzales, C., Mulligan, D., Kaufman, A., Davis, S., Hunt, K., Kalishman, N., & Wallerstein, N. (1985). Adolescent health care: Improving access by school-based service. Journal of Family Practice, 21(4), 263-270.

Gutara, M. Y., Rangka, I. B., & Prasetyaningtyas, W. E. (2017). Layanan Penguasaan Konten untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara di Depan Umum Bagi Siswa. Jurnal Fokus Konseling, 3(2), 138-147.

Hebert, R. M., Fernandez, L. E., & Gill, L. (1969). Effects of a “friendless” model on imitation and prosocial behavior. Psychonomic Science, 16(2), 81-82. doi:10.3758/BF03336629

Junita, E. D., Sugiharto, D. Y. P., & Awalya, A. (2014). Upaya Mengurangi Prokrastinasi Akademik Melalui Layanan Penguasaan Konten. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application, 3(1).

Kallgren, C. A., Reno, R. R., & Cialdini, R. B. (2000). A focus theory of normative conduct: When norms do and do not affect behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(8), 1002-1012. doi:10.1177/01461672002610009

Komalasari, G., & Wahyuni, E. (2011). Teori dan teknik konseling. Jakarta: Indeks.

Kusumaningrum, I. (2014). Meningkatkan Perilaku Prososial Rendah Melalui Layanan Penguasaan Konten Dengan Teknik Sosiodrama Pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 21 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014.

Mares, M. L., & Woodard, E. (2005). Positive effects of television on children's social interactions: A meta-analysis. Media Psychology, 7(3), 301-322. doi:10.1207/S1532785XMEP0703_4

Mavroveli, S., & Sánchez‐Ruiz, M. J. (2011). Trait emotional intelligence influences on academic achievement and school behaviour. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(1), 112-134.

Numri, M. Z. (2015). Meningkatkan Kemandirian Belajar Melalui Layanan Penguasaan Konten dengan Teknik Latihan Saya Bertanggungjawab. Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Bimbingan & Konseling, 1(1).

Penner, L. A., Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., & Schroeder, D. A. (2005). Prosocial behavior: Multilevel perspectives. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 56, 365-392.

Petrides, K. V., Sangareau, Y., Furnham, A., & Frederickson, N. (2006). Trait emotional intelligence and children's peer relations at school. Social Development, 15(3), 537-547.

Prayitno, P. (2012). Jenis Layanan dan Kegiatan Pendukung Konseling (2 ed.). Padang: Jurusan BK Universitas Negeri Padang.

Rahmanto, B. D. (2011). Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Melalui Layanan Penguasaan Konten Dengan Teknik Modeling Pada Siswa SMA NU 05 Brangsong Tahun Ajaran 2010/2011.

Rasit, R. M. (2016). Media and prosocial values in religious society based on social cognitive theory. In Prosocial Behavior: Perspectives, Influences and Current Research (pp. 73-101): Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Sartono, Y. (2014). Peningkatkan tanggungjawab belajar melalui layanan penguasaan konten dengan teknik role playing. Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, 15(4).

Stanger, N., Backhouse, S. H., Jennings, A., & McKenna, J. (2018). Linking motivational climate with moral behavior in youth sport: The role of social support, perspective taking, and moral disengagement. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 7(4), 392-407. doi:10.1037/spy0000122

Stormshak, E. A., Bierman, K. L., Bruschi, C., Dodge, K. A., Coie, J. D., Greenberg, M. T., . . . McMahon, R. J. (1999). The relation between behavior problems and peer preference in different classroom contexts. Child development, 70(1), 169-182. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00013

Sutanti, T. (2015). Efektivitas Teknik Modeling untuk Meningkatkan Empati Mahasiswa Prodi BK Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan dan Konseling: Jurnal Kajian Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan Konseling, 1(2), 188-198.

Syahbana, B. A. (2011). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Asertif Melalui Layanan Penguasaan Konten Dengan Metode Diskusi Kelompok Dan Bermain Peran Pada Siswa Kelas XII Bahasa SMA N 1 Ungaran Tahun Ajaran 2010/2011.

Tomul, E. (2009). Opinions of administrators on social justice practices in elementary schools. Egitim ve Bilim, 34(152), 126-137.

Tristiawati, P. (2018). Usai Tawuran di Tangsel, Polisi Geledah Dua Sekolah untuk Cari Pelaku. Liputan 6. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/3607201/usai-tawuran-di-tangsel-polisi-geledah-dua-sekolah-untuk-cari-pelaku

Van Voorhis, P., & Salisbury, E. (2009). Social Learning Models. In Correctional Counseling and Rehabilitation (pp. 165-184): Elsevier Inc.

Vives, M. L., & Feldmanhall, O. (2018). Tolerance to ambiguous uncertainty predicts prosocial behavior. Nature Communications, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04631-9

Wang, M., Wang, J., Deng, X., & Chen, W. (2019). Why are empathic children more liked by peers? The mediating roles of prosocial and aggressive behaviors. Personality and Individual Differences, 144, 19-23. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.029

Wentzel, K. R. (1998). Social relationships and motivation in middle school: The role of parents, teachers, and peers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(2), 202-209. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.90.2.202

Wlodarczyk, A., Basabe, N., & Bobowik, M. (2014). The perception of realistic and symbolic threat and its influence on prejudice, ingroup favouritism and prosocial response: The native population in the face of immigration. Revista de Psicologia Social, 29(1), 60-89. doi:10.1080/02134748.2013.878574

Wray-Lake, L., & Syvertsen, A. K. (2011). The developmental roots of social responsibility in childhood and adolescence. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2011(134), 11-25.

Yeung, J. W. K., Cheung, C. K., Kwok, S. Y. C. L., & Leung, J. T. Y. (2016). Socialization Effects of Authoritative Parenting and Its Discrepancy on Children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(6), 1980-1990. doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0353-x




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26539/pcr.113

Article Metrics

Abstract Views : 1076 | PDF Views : 680

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2019 Ana Rahmatun Khasanah, Eko Nusantoro, Maria Theresia Sri Hartati

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

 Publisher:
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI

Address: Unit Pelayanan Bimbingan dan Konseling (UPBK) | Jl. Nangka No. 58 C (TB. Simatupang), Kel. Tanjung Barat, Kec. Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan 12530, Jakarta, Indonesia. 
Phone: +62 (021) 7818718 – 78835283 | Close in sunday and public holidays in Indonesia
Work Hours: 09.00 AM – 08.00 PM
Best hours to visit: From 9 am to 11 am or after 3 pm. The busiest times are between 11 am and 3 pm. 


 Creative Commons License
Psychocentrum Review is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.



View My Stats